蒙脫石(montmorillonite)又名微晶高嶺石，是一種層狀結(jié)構(gòu)、片狀結(jié)晶的硅酸鹽粘土礦，因其最初發(fā)現(xiàn)于法國(guó)的蒙脫城而命名的。蒙脫石是唯一的一種由人藥演變?yōu)轱暳咸砑觿┑钠贩N，對(duì)動(dòng)物止瀉的效果和飼料脫霉效果極佳，并且安全綠色，是綠色飼料配方的不可缺少的成分�！ �
蒙脫石源于大自然，又回歸大自然，對(duì)大自然沒(méi)有破壞，是對(duì)環(huán)境友善的物質(zhì)。
納米蒙脫石是經(jīng)納米雜化而得到的，具有更大比表面積，可大幅度提高吸附能力，吸附效果是普通蒙脫石產(chǎn)品的3倍。
用于飼料的蒙脫石必須是經(jīng)過(guò)提純的、必須確定無(wú)毒（砷、汞、鉛、方英石不超標(biāo)），任何將膨潤(rùn)土原礦直接應(yīng)用都將造成對(duì)禽畜的傷害。
1、蒙脫石是一種效果顯著的脫霉添加劑
飼料中霉菌毒素的污染及其所造成的危害目前仍是養(yǎng)殖者易于忽略的問(wèn)題，且容易與其它疾病產(chǎn)生混淆。一般而言，霉菌毒素主要是由4種霉菌屬所產(chǎn)生：曲霉菌屬（主要分泌黃曲霉毒素、赭曲霉毒素等）、青霉菌屬（主要分泌桔霉素等），麥角菌屬（主要分泌麥角毒素），梭菌屬（主要分泌嘔吐毒素、玉米赤霉烯酮，T－2毒素，Fumonisin毒素等）。迄今為止已經(jīng)有超過(guò)300種霉菌毒素被分離和鑒定出來(lái)，上述的幾種毒素只是其中8種主要毒素。
蒙脫石對(duì)料中霉毒素有較明顯的吸附作用，且吸附作用隨雙八面體蒙脫石水平的提高而增強(qiáng)；在霉變飼料（黃曲霉毒素B1，39.78微克/千克）經(jīng)雙八面體蒙脫石處理后，黃曲霉毒素B1含量降為8.88微克/千克，達(dá)到我國(guó)衛(wèi)生部制定的飼料衛(wèi)生標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（≤20微克/千克）和歐美標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（0—20微克/千克）。
2、蒙脫石可平衡飼料元素
蒙脫石可平衡飼料元素，可降低飼料中鉛的含量和農(nóng)藥含量。
飼料中鉛的含量超標(biāo)，會(huì)直接或間接影響到養(yǎng)殖動(dòng)物的生長(zhǎng)和發(fā)育，最終通過(guò)食物鏈影響人的健康，因此對(duì)飼料中重金屬鉛的控制格外重要。在日糧中添加0.5%蒙脫石可以顯著改善鉛含量為10mg/kg鉛誘導(dǎo)的損傷，明顯降低了豬全血、腦、肝、腎、骨和毛等組織中鉛含量。結(jié)果表明蒙脫石對(duì)鉛中毒有潛在的治療作用。
添加蒙脫石可控制殘留農(nóng)藥的毒性。
3、蒙脫石可替代抗生素治療腹瀉
抗生素可促進(jìn)生長(zhǎng)和改善飼料轉(zhuǎn)化率已被廣大養(yǎng)殖戶(hù)所接受。在補(bǔ)料和開(kāi)食料中添加抗生素，既可控制病原微生物增殖，又可加速腸道免疫耐受過(guò)程，從而減輕腸道損傷，預(yù)防腹瀉的發(fā)生。但用于防止仔豬腹瀉的抗生素如金霉素、泰樂(lè)菌素、桿菌肽鋅、喹乙醇等持續(xù)使用使病原菌產(chǎn)生耐藥性，并在畜禽產(chǎn)品中殘留給人體健康帶來(lái)危害。目前在飼料中添加抗生素已十分講究添加的數(shù)量、方式和方法，但仍遭到無(wú)抗品的抵制。原則上能不用抗生素盡量不用抗生素，能替代的替代，能少用的就少用，將抗生素的危害降到最低！
納米蒙脫石是一種新型礦物藥劑，用于治療禽畜類(lèi)腹瀉痢疾等疾病具有無(wú)藥物殘留、無(wú)激素、無(wú)耐藥性、療效穩(wěn)定、無(wú)毒副作用等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，對(duì)大腸桿菌、霍亂弧菌、空腸彎曲菌、金黃色葡萄球菌和輪狀病毒及膽鹽都有較好的吸附作用，對(duì)細(xì)菌毒素有固定作用，能修復(fù)和提高胃腸粘膜對(duì)致病因子的防御功能。在抗生素、磺胺類(lèi)藥物的抗藥性越來(lái)越強(qiáng)、耐藥菌株日益增多的情況下，應(yīng)用納米蒙脫石預(yù)防和治療畜禽疾病顯得非常重要，徹底解決抗生素的耐藥性和殘留問(wèn)題。
4、蒙脫石可替代氧化鋅
國(guó)家剛剛下文規(guī)定將飼料中的鋅含量下調(diào)，大量使用氧化鋅已經(jīng)不可能了。
納米蒙脫石治療腹瀉的另一個(gè)功效是在畜禽飼料（尤其是乳仔豬飼料）中可完全代替氧化鋅抗腹瀉。高鋅（2500-3500ppm）會(huì)對(duì)仔豬生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育造成危害。日糧中添加超過(guò)正常需要量20～30倍的高水平鋅，必然打破原有各種元素的平衡，鋅元素過(guò)量對(duì)銅、鐵的吸收不利，高鋅可導(dǎo)致鐵、銅繼發(fā)性缺乏，出現(xiàn)貧血。國(guó)外研究認(rèn)為，當(dāng)鋅攝入量超過(guò)體內(nèi)各種排泄器官的排泄能力，則會(huì)破壞內(nèi)恒穩(wěn)機(jī)制。所以高鋅的飼料使用時(shí)間受到了較為嚴(yán)格的限制。使用半個(gè)月以上仔豬就會(huì)出現(xiàn)皮膚蒼白、被毛粗亂卷曲、貧血等現(xiàn)象。仔豬斷奶后2周使用高鋅(氧化鋅2000～3000 mg／kg)具有防腹瀉促生長(zhǎng)效果，若一旦停止添加高水平鋅，更換日糧，仔豬腹瀉現(xiàn)象又會(huì)發(fā)生。研究還表明，飼喂高劑量鋅(3000 mg／kg)通過(guò)豬體消化吸收后，其每日鋅排出量是飼喂基礎(chǔ)日糧組的33倍。因此，添加高劑量無(wú)機(jī)鋅會(huì)造成資源浪費(fèi)和殘留，且造成環(huán)境污染。金華市格瑞特動(dòng)物營(yíng)養(yǎng)技術(shù)有限公司試驗(yàn)證明每噸飼料添加1.5kg納米蒙脫石可以完全替代氧化鋅，用量只有氧化鋅的一半左右，成本相對(duì)較低，替代高鋅有優(yōu)勢(shì)，并且由于蒙脫石沒(méi)有氧化鋅的副作用，其生長(zhǎng)速度、料肉比與使用氧化鋅組相比，性能更佳。
5、蒙脫石可用于母豬生產(chǎn)和仔豬護(hù)理
納米蒙脫石對(duì)動(dòng)物皮膚、黏膜，消化、呼吸系統(tǒng)和眼部無(wú)毒、無(wú)害、無(wú)刺激性，環(huán)保天然�？煞奖愕厥┯糜谪i的墊料中，可大量吸附室內(nèi)氨等有害氣體，保持環(huán)境干燥，抑制細(xì)菌繁殖，并有助于防御呼吸道疾病和治療斷奶仔豬腹瀉綜合癥。其天然配方可以減少硝酸鹽和磷酸鹽的流失，改善養(yǎng)殖場(chǎng)的衛(wèi)生狀況和養(yǎng)殖環(huán)境。經(jīng)過(guò)試驗(yàn)，該產(chǎn)品對(duì)細(xì)菌、病毒、真菌、原生微生物和寄生蟲(chóng)具有強(qiáng)有力的殺滅作用，同時(shí)能夠吸附養(yǎng)殖場(chǎng)所內(nèi)的大量異味和氨氣等，能夠預(yù)防疾病和改善動(dòng)物福利，保持良好的健康狀況，而且沒(méi)有任何跡象表明任何微生物對(duì)該產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)生了抗性。
在配種和分娩前后幾天用納米蒙脫石涂抹在母豬的外陰部，可用于抑菌并減少母豬疾病的發(fā)生。
納米蒙脫石還可以用于動(dòng)物養(yǎng)殖場(chǎng)所，用于幼仔護(hù)理：將剛出生的仔豬用干布抹除胎衣后，取納米蒙脫石均勻在豬體涂抹一層，尤其是涂抹在臍帶部位，可以有效地保持仔豬體溫，使之在短時(shí)間內(nèi)站立行走，早吃初乳。并可使臍帶迅速干燥，在1～2天內(nèi)愈合，從而降低細(xì)菌進(jìn)入體內(nèi)繁殖的可能。
在去勢(shì)、斷尾后用納米蒙脫石直接涂于傷口，可有效地消毒、止血，從而為仔豬成長(zhǎng)提供最佳的外在環(huán)境。
在斷奶后7～10天內(nèi)，每天在飼槽前撒一次納米蒙脫石，可有效地降低應(yīng)激反應(yīng)。
在苗豬出欄時(shí)，可提前3天服用納米蒙脫石，可減少捕抓中因驚嚇而造成的應(yīng)激反應(yīng)，也可減少運(yùn)輸中的應(yīng)激排便等。
The English version
Montmorillonite (montmorillonite), also known as montmorillonite is a kind of layered silicate clay structure, flaky crystal, because its are initially found in montmorillonite named after the city. Montmorillonite is one of the only medicine by humans evolved into feed additive varieties, anti-diarrhea effect to animals and feed mildew excellent results, and safety of green, is the indispensable element of the green feed formula.
Montmorillonite is the result of the nature, and return to nature, no damage to nature, is environmentally friendly material.
Nanometer montmorillonite is by nano hybrid, has a larger specific surface area, can greatly improve the ability of adsorption, adsorption effect is three times as many ordinary montmorillonite products.
Montmorillonite is used to feed must be purified, must determine the non-toxic (arsenic, mercury, lead, christobalite not overweight), any apply bentonite ore directly will cause damage to livestock.
1, montmorillonite is a kind of to take off the mold additive effect is remarkable
Of mycotoxins in feed caused by the pollution and its harm is still is the issue of farmers is easy to ignore, and easily confused with other disease. In general, mycotoxins are mainly produced by four kinds of mold is: aspergillus species (mainly secreted aflatoxin, ochre and aspergillus toxin, etc.) and penicillium (mainly secreted citrinin, etc.), claviceps (mainly secreted ergot toxins), fusobacterium (mainly secreted vomiting toxins, corn gibberellic ketene, T 2 toxin, Fumonisin toxin, etc.). So far there have been more than 300 kinds of mycotoxin were separated and identified, and the above several kinds of toxins are just eight of the major toxin.
Montmorillonite of material in the mold toxin is apparent adsorption, and adsorption with double octahedron enhanced with the increase of level of montmorillonite; In the mould feed (aflatoxin B1, 39.78 micrograms/kg) treated with double octahedron montmorillonite, aflatoxin B1 content is reduced to 8.88 micrograms/kg, to feed hygiene standards promulgated by the ministry of health in China (20 micrograms/kg or less) and the European and American standard (0-20 micrograms/kg).
2, montmorillonite can be balanced feed element
Montmorillonite can be balanced feed element, can reduce the content of lead in feed and pesticide content.
The excessive levels of lead in feed, can directly or indirectly affect the farmed animal growth and development, ultimately affect people's health through the food chain, so the control of heavy metal lead in the feed is particularly important. 0.5% montmorillonite is added in the diet can significantly improve the lead to 10 mg/kg damage induced by lead, significantly reduced the pig whole blood, brain, liver, kidney, bone and hair lead levels in the organizations. The results show that montmorillonite is potential therapeutic effect for lead poisoning.
Add the toxicity of pesticide residue in montmorillonite can be controlled.
3, montmorillonite alternative antibiotics treatment of diarrhea
Antibiotics can promote growth and improve the feed conversion rate has been accepted by the broad masses of farmers. Food in the filling material and adding antibiotics, can control the pathogenic microorganism proliferation, but also accelerate the process of intestinal immune tolerance, so as to reduce the damage, prevent the happening of the diarrhea. But used to prevent diarrhea piglets antibiotics such as chlortetracycline, tylosin, bacitracin zinc, olaquindox, such as continuous use make the pathogen resistance, and residue in livestock and poultry products has a harmful effect on human health. At present, the antibiotic is added in the feed has very pay attention to add quantity, style and method, but still have no resistance to resistance. Can, in principle, no antibiotics as far as possible need not, alternative to replace, can use less less to use, minimize the dangers of antibiotics.
Nanometer montmorillonite is a new type of mineral drugs, used in the treatment of livestock diseases such as diarrhea, dysentery with no drug residues, no hormone, no drug resistance, stable curative effect, non-toxic side effects, etc, on escherichia coli and vibrio cholerae, jejunum bending bacteria, staphylococcus aureus, rotavirus and bile salt has good adsorption effect, have a fixed effect on bacterial toxins, can repair and improve the defence function of gastric mucous membrane of pathogenic factors. In the growing resistance of antibiotics, sulfa drugs, drug resistant strains an increasing number of cases, the application of nano montmorillonite prevention and treatment of livestock and poultry disease is very important, completely solve the problem of antibiotic resistance and residual.
4, montmorillonite can be instead of zinc oxide
Just below regulations of the state will be cut in zinc content in the feed, extensive use of zinc oxide has been impossible.
Nanometer montmorillonite in the treatment of diarrhea is another effect in the livestock and poultry feed, especially milk piglet feed) can be completely instead of zinc oxide resistance in diarrhea. High zinc (2500-3500 parts per million (PPM) harmful to growth of piglets. Added in the diet than normally required 20 ~ 30 times the high levels of zinc, is bound to break the balance of various elements, original zinc excess adverse to the absorption of copper, iron, high zinc can lead to the lack of iron, copper, secondary anemia. Foreign research thinks, when zinc intake over discharge capacity of various excretion organs in the body will destroy the steady mechanism. So high zinc feed use time is limited by the tighter. Use half a month or more piglets will appear pale skin, rough mess curly coat, the phenomenon such as anemia. 2 weeks after weaning piglets use high zinc (zinc oxide from 2000 to 3000 mg/kg) has anti diarrhea growth promoting effect, if once stop adding high levels of zinc, change diet, diarrhea piglets phenomenon will happen again. Research also suggests that feeding high dose zinc (3000 mg/kg) through get after digestion and absorption, its daily zinc discharge is feeding based diet group 33 times. Therefore, add a high dose of inorganic zinc can cause resource waste and residue, and cause environmental pollution. Jinhua Greg, animal nutrition technology co., LTD. Tests showed that feed add 1.5 kg per ton of nano montmorillonite can completely substitute zinc oxide, dosage is only about half that of zinc oxide, the cost is relatively low, replace the high zinc have an advantage, and because the montmorillonite without the side effects of zinc oxide, its growth rate, feed conversion ratio compared with using zinc oxide group, the performance is better.
5, montmorillonite can be used in the production and piglets nursing sows
Nano montmorillonite on animal skin, mucous membrane, digestive, respiratory and eye non-toxic, harmless, without excitant and natural environmental protection. Can be easily applied in pigs in the bedding, can be a large number of adsorption indoor harmful gases such as ammonia, keep the environment is dry, inhibit bacteria reproduction, and help defense respiratory diseases and treatment of weaned piglets diarrhea syndrome. Its natural formula can reduce the loss of nitrate and phosphate, improve the hygiene of farms and farming environment. Through the test, the product of bacteria, viruses, fungi, indigenous microorganisms and parasites have strong killing effect, at the same time, can adsorption breeding area of a large number of peculiar smell and ammonia, etc., can prevent disease and improve the animal welfare, to maintain good health, and there is no sign of any microbial resistance for this product.
In breeding and a few days before and after childbirth with nanometer montmorillonite daub on the sow's genitals, bacteriostatic and can be used to reduce the sow the happening of the disease.
Nanometer montmorillonite can also be used for animal breeding places for young care: the newborn piglets with dry cloth after erasing the afterbirth, apply uniform nano montmorillonite in get a layer, especially the smudge in the umbilical cord, can effectively maintain the body temperature, piglets to stand up in a short time, early to eat colostrum. And can make the umbilical cord, dry quickly, healing within 1 ~ 2 days, the possibility of reducing bacteria enter the body.
After castration, tail with nanometer montmorillonite directly on the wound, can effectively disinfection, hemostatic, thus provide the external environment of the best piglet growth.
7 ~ 10 days after weaning, a day in front of the feeder and a nanometer montmorillonite, can effectively decrease the stress reaction.
When a pig market, can be 3 days in advance of nanometer montmorillonite, can reduce the catch the stress reaction caused in terror, and also can reduce stress in the transportation bowel movements, etc.
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